TO_TIMESTAMP

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Syntax

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Scalar

to_timestamp(value)

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Formatted (scalar)

to_timestamp(text,format)

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Scaled (scalar)

to_timestamp(numeric_value,scale)

• Use integer epoch values and a constant BIGINT scale; floating-point and decimal operands can select string-format handling instead of epoch scaling.
• Integer division by 10^scale discards the subsecond remainder.
• The numeric value can be a column. A constant NULL value or NULL scale can raise a format-related error.

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Arguments

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Scalar

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Formatted

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Scaled

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Returns

• Type: TIMESTAMP with UTC timezone
• NULL behavior: NULL value yields NULL. For malformed non-NULL strings ANSI mode raises an error; non-ANSI mode yields NULL. Numeric overflow/non-finite conversions can raise errors.

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Properties

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Usage notes

• Numeric values are epoch seconds; DATE values become midnight.
• NULL explicit format raises an error.
• In the two-number form, scale must be an integer from 0 through 18. The value is divided by 10^scale to obtain whole seconds; any fractional second is discarded.
• Invalid-input behavior depends on the query’s ANSI mode. See the NULL and error rules above.
• INTEGER and INT mean the same type; STRING means VARCHAR text. NULL can be used with a supported type. Cast NULL explicitly when its type would otherwise be unclear.

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Examples

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Basic example

SELECT to_timestamp('2024-03-15 10:30:00') AS result;

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Convert a date to midnight

SELECT to_timestamp(DATE '2024-02-29') AS midnight;

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Limitations

• Use the format arguments shown here. Formats that vary by row are outside the forms covered on this page.
• The scaled form requires the constant integer arguments described above. Cast FLOAT, DOUBLE, or DECIMAL values to BIGINT explicitly before using them as epoch units.