)
`GROUP BY CUBE` is an extension of the `GROUP BY` clause similar to `GROUP BY ROLLUP`. In addition to producing all the rows of a `GROUP BY ROLLUP`, `GROUP BY CUBE` adds all the “cross-tabulations” rows. Sub-total rows are rows that further aggregate whose values are derived by computing the same aggregate functions that were used to produce the grouped rows.
> select count(cc_company) AS total_count, cc_county, cc_class
from call_center
where cc_county in ('Williamson County', 'Bronx County', 'Huron County')
group by cube (cc_county, cc_class);
# | total_count | cc_county | cc_class
----------------------------------------------
1 | 6 | null | null
2 | 2 | Williamson County | null
3 | 4 | Bronx County | null
4 | 2 | Huron County | null
5 | 3 | Williamson County | large
6 | 1 | Bronx County | medium
7 | 2 | Huron County | medium
8 | 3 | null | large
9 | 1 | null | medium
#### EXCEPT ( \ )
`SELECT * EXCEPT` *columns that should be excluded from the results*
```sql
> WITH cte AS (SELECT 5 as c1,'e6data' as c2, 10 as c3)
SELECT * EXCEPT (c3, c2) FROM cte
c2
5
```
#### EXCEPT SET OPERATOR
Eliminates rows from the result set of one query that are present in the result set of another query, while also removing duplicates.
```sql
SELECT ...
EXCEPT
SELECT ...
```
> with cte as
(select 1 as id, 'AAAA' as name
union all
select 2 as id, 'AAAB' as name
union all
select 3 as id, 'AAAC' as name
union all
select 4 as id, 'AAAD' as name
)
select * from cte
except
select * from cte
where id < 3
order by 1,2
|id |name
|3 |AAAC
|4 |AAAD
---
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